The main object of activity includes research - development in following fields: ecology and protection of the marine environment, oceanography, marine engineering, resource management; research on the structure, functioning, evolution, modification, modeling of marine ecosystems; ecological productivity; technologies and solutions to prevent coastal erosion; ecological rehabilitation and recovery; investigation of the marine environment; aquaculture and resource industrialization; fishing. The Institute is also conducting research regarding the making of equipment for exploration and capitalization of resources.

The National Institute for Research and Development in Forestry (INCDS) “Marin Drăcea” is certified as an institution part of the Research and Development System of National Importance and as a Excellence Centre at national level in the field of Forest Biology and Forest Management, by the national authority for research and development. It is licensed for forest management planning, ecological reconstruction and watershed management, forest risk assessment, forest cartography, geodesics and photogrammetry, seeds quality and conservation, pesticides testing on behalf of forest certifying purposes.

Currently under the patronage of the Romanian Academy, the Institute has been coordinating a wide spectrum of fundamental and applicative bio-medical, socio-cultural and paleoanthropological research. The Institute hosts one of the largest osteological collections in Europe.

The Institute in conducting research activities related to archeology and numismatics, with focus on the pre-historic and medieval periods.

The Institute of Biochemistry of the Romanian Academy (IBAR) was established in 1990 in order to develop and promote advanced research in biochemistry and molecular biology in Romania. IBAR hosts a state of the art research facility center in biomedical proteomics, operated by an interdisciplinary team of young researchers with backgrounds in biochemistry, chemistry, biophysics, biology, pharmacy. Within the framework of the School of Advanced Studies of the Romanian Academy (SCOSAAR) - IBAR carries also its own educational programs in molecular life sciences at PhD, Post Doc and continuing education levels in which the next generation scientists are trained by research based practical learning.