The "AD Xenopol" Institute of History has, as main objective, the research of the history of the Romanians, in close connection with the European historical evolutions from our immediate proximity or from more distant spaces. Special attention is paid to the continuation of the editing of medieval sources, in the prestigious national collection Documenta Romaniae Historica, Series A. Moldova, which is one of the fundamental research projects of the Romanian Academy. To this are added the systematic studies carried out by the institute's researchers regarding the social structure of the Romanian society, the evolution of the institutions, the medieval Moldovan village and city, the historical demography, the establishment and evolution of the modern Romanian state, the issues of elites, nationalism and minorities. , cultural policies or the history of totalitarianism and anti-communist resistance,

The Institute of Art History, under the patronage of the Romanian Academy, has a multidisciplinary structure. The research focuses on Romanian medieval art, Byzantine art, folk creation, modern art, architecture, theater, music and cinematography; to these are added the national artistic patrimony in foreign collections and the European one from the Romanian museums.

The Institute of History andLiterary Theory "G. Calinescu" is conducting research and studies in the field of linguistics and literary theory

The Government of Romania decided to establish the Institute of History of Religions as a research institute subordinated to the Romanian Academy, having as main directions: the history of Indian and Iranian religions, the comparative history of monotheisms and religion and modernity.

Institute of Linguistics „Iorgu Iordan - Al. Rosetti ”is conducting research studies in order to cultivate and promote the Romanian language. It develops works in the field of linguistics, to be used by scholarly and general public alike, such as: grammar guidance, spelling, orthoepy, dictionaries and linguistic atlases